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Java is a programming language. Java is also an Object Oriented programming language, A type of programming in which programmers define not only the data type of an object, but also the types of operations (functions) that can be applied to the object.
But Java is more than a programming language. Java is also a technology, giving you a complete platform to develop, build and deploy your application. The Java is platform independent, meaning that you compile once and you run everywhere (on various hardware-based platforms).

Java platform gives you the following features:
Development Tools: The development tools provide everything you'll need for compiling, running, monitoring, debugging, and documenting your applications.
Application Programming Interface (API) The API provides the core functionality of the Java programming language.
Deployment Technologies: The JDK software provides standard mechanisms such as the Java Web Start software and Java Plug-In software for deploying your applications to end users.
User Interface Toolkits: The Swing and Java 2D toolkits make it possible to create sophisticated Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs).
Integration Libraries: Integration libraries such as the Java IDL API, JDBCTM API, Java Naming and Directory InterfaceTM ("J.N.D.I.") API, Java RMI, and Java Remote Method Invocation over Internet Inter-ORB Protocol Technology (Java RMI-IIOP Technology) enable database access and manipulation of remote objects.

If you downloaded the JDK with the NetBeans IDE, start NetBeans, and begin programming. You can also program using a simple text editor, and compile and run from the command line. Many text editors now come with the ability to run and compile Java files, but you may need to tell the program where javac.exe and java.exe reside on your computer. Use the Windows Find command, if you are unsure where these files were installed. Once, your IDE or text editor is set up, you can begin programming. Next, copy and paste the following programs, and invoke the compiler and interpreter either at the command line or within the IDE you're using. The following three examples use the javac and java commands and illustrate how to compile and run an application, applet, and servlet. When compiling and running from the command line, be sure to cd into the directory where you saved your .java file.